| 238 | 1 | 52 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
为了探究不同种子预处理方法对盐胁迫环境中田菁(Sesbania cannabina)种子萌发的促进作用，采用硫酸、温水、氯化钠、硫酸钾与氯化镁混合液以及PEG(聚乙二醇)等5种试剂对田菁种子进行预处理，通过纸上发芽床试验，分析了不同温度及盐胁迫浓度下田菁种子发芽率、发芽速度、胚根长以及生物量等指标，得到如下主要结果。在低温条件(5～<15℃)下，硫酸钾与氯化镁混合液、温水预处理显著促进了无盐环境中田菁种子的发芽速度和发芽指数，但各预处理对田菁幼苗胚根长、生物量均无显著影响。在15～25℃温度下，温水、浓硫酸和10%PEG-6000预处理显著促进了300 mmol·L-1盐浓度下田菁种子的发芽率，其中温水预处理后的种子发芽率最高，达到87%,浓硫酸和10%PEG-6000预处理次之，分别为73%和71%;硫酸钾与氯化镁混合液、浓硫酸预处理对400 mmol·L-1盐浓度下种子萌发促进效果较好，发芽率较对照组分别提高了33%和21%。对于胚根长而言，浓硫酸预处理显著提高了300和400 mmol·L-1盐浓度时田菁幼苗的胚根长(分别高于对照组37.5%和72.7%),但幼苗生物量对不同预处理无显著响应。综上所述，低温严重抑制了田菁种子萌发，预处理的促进效果不明显；而在温度适宜(15～25℃)条件下，浓硫酸和温水预处理能够显著提升高盐环境中田菁种子的发芽率及胚根生长。研究结果可为探究提高硬实种子发芽率方法、促进幼苗建植以及种质资源高效利用提供科学依据。
Abstract：In order to investigate the promoting effect of different seed pretreatment methods on the seed germination of Sesbania cannabina under saline environment, five reagents including H_2SO4,warm water, NaCl, the mixture of potassium sulfate and magnesium chloride, and PEG(Polyethylene Glycol) were used to induce S. cannabina seeds.The germination percentage, germination rate, radicle length, and biomass of S. cannabina seeds under different temperature and salt concentrations were analyzed through paper germination bad test.The results are shown as follows.Under low temperature conditions(5～<15 ℃),pretreatment with the mixture of potassium sulfate and magnesium chloride and warm water significantly promote the germination rate and germination index of S. cannabina seeds in a salt free environment.However, none of the pretreatments has a significant effect on the radicle length or biomass of S. cannabina seedlings.At 15～25 ℃,warm water, concentrated sulfuric acid, and 10% PEG-6000 pretreatments significantly improve the germination rate of S. cannabina under 300 mmol·L-1 salt concentration.Among them, the seeds pretreated with warm water achieve the highest germination rate(87%),followed by concentrated sulfuric acid(73%) and 10% PEG-6000(71%).Pretreatment with concentrated sulfuric acid and the mixture of potassium sulfate and concentrated sulfuric acid show better promotion effects on seed germination under 400 mmol·L-1 salt concentration, increasing the germination rate by 33% and 21%,respectively, compared to the control group.Regarding radicle length, concentrated sulfuric acid pretreatment significantly increases the radicle length of S. cannabina seedlings under both 300 and 400 mmol·L-1 salt concentration(37.5% and 72.7% higher than the control group, respectively),but none of the pretreatments has a significant effect on the biomass of S. cannabina seedlings.In summary, low temperatures severely inhibite the germination of S. cannabina seeds, and the promoting effects of pretreatments are not significant.However, under suitable temperature conditions(15～25 ℃),concentrated sulfuric acid and warm water pretreatments significantly improve the germination rate and radicle growth of S. cannabina seeds in high-salinity environments.The research can provide scientific basis for exploring methods to improve the germination percentage of hard seeds, promote seedling establishment, and efficiently utilize germplasm resources.
[1] LI Y,LI X Y,LIU Y J,et al.Genetic diversity and community structure of rhizobia nodulating Sesbania cannabina in saline-alkaline soils[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,2016,39(3):195-202.
[2] DONG X Y,TU C,XIE Z,et al.The genome of Bacillus velezensis SC60 provides evidence for its plant probiotic effects[J].Microorganisms,2022,10(4):767.
[3] SINGH K,GERA R,SHARMA R,et al.Mechanism and application of Sesbania root-nodulating bacteria:an alternative for chemical fertilizers and sustainable development[J].Archives of Microbiology,2021,203(4):1259-1270.
[4] 王路遥，江应松，曹晓风，等.田菁不同部位营养价值、分子结构特性和体外瘤胃降解率研究[J].动物营养学报，2024,36(5):3386-3400.WANG L Y,JIANG Y S,CAO X F,et al.Study on nutritional value,molecular structure characteristics and in Vitro rumen degradation rate in different parts of Sesbania cannabina[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(5):3386-3400.
[5] DONG X Y,LI Z Y,WANG Q,et al.Enhancing the growth performance of Sesbania cannabina using Ensifer alkalisoli and biochar under salt stress[J].Rhizosphere,2024,30:100888.
[6] 律泽，苏澳，胡芳雨，等.田菁对农田氯嘧磺隆去除及土壤微生物群落的影响[J].生态学杂志，2024(5):1-10.LÜ Z,SU A,HU F Y,et al.Effects of Sesbania on chlorimuron-ethyl removal and soil microbial community in farmland[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2024(5):1-10.
[7] JIANG P L,TANG H B,LI Y P,et al.Effect of particle size of Sesbania gum on its modification,structure and performances[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2024,262:129719.
[8] 马瑞霞.改进水引发技术对印度田菁种子萌发的影响[D].兰州：兰州大学，2008.MA R X.Effect of an improved hydro-priming technique on seed germination of Sesbania sesban[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2008.
[9] 姚东伟，吴凌云，沈海斌，等.种子引发技术研究与应用进展[J].上海农业学报，2020,36(5):153-160.YAO D W,WU L Y,SHEN H B,et al.Advances in research and application on seed priming technology[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai,2020,36(5):153-160.
[10] 张鑫瑞，李政，孙哲，等.不同引发剂对柴胡种子萌发的影响[J].贵州农业科学，2022,50(2):85-91.ZHANG X R,LI Z,SUN Z,et al.Effect of different initiator on germination of Bupleurum chinense seeds[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2022,50(2):85-91.
[11] 任尚福，吕光辉.不同预处理对大果白刺种子萌发的影响[J].种子，2017,36(12):10-14.REN S F,LÜ G H.Effects of different pretreatments on the seed germination of Nitraria roborowskii kom[J].Seed,2017,36(12):10-14.
[12] SARKAR P,KUMAR P,SINGH A,et al.Effect of priming treatments on seed germination and seedling growth in bamboo[Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees][J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2020,40(2):128-133.
[13] 李敏.变温提高茄子种子活力的方法优化及生理机制研究[D].杭州：浙江农林大学，2024.LI M.Optimization of methods and physiological mechanisms for increasing seed vigor of eggplant by alternate temperature[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,2024.
[14] 马迎梅，赵子涵，张娜，等.不同种子预处理、培养温度及基质对两种沙棘种子萌发的影响[J].西部林业科学，2023,52(6):22-30.MA Y M,ZHAO Z H,ZHANG N,et al.Effect of different seed pretreatment conditions on its germination of two cultivar types in Hippophae rhamnoides L.[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2023,52(6):22-30.
[15] 徐剑，杨帆，孙正海.不同预处理对喀西茄种子萌发及S-诱抗素对幼苗生长的影响[J].种子，2023,42(9):93-97.XU J,YANG F,SUN Z H.Effects of different pretreatments on seed germination and S-attractants on seedling growth of Solanum aculeatissimum[J].Seed,2023,42(9):93-97.
[16] ANWAR M,AKHTER M,AKTAR S,et al.Relationship between seed priming mediated seedling vigor and yield performance of spring wheat[J].Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany,2024,93(6):1159-1177.
[17] 王俊生，赵锦慧，张九红.几种浸种药剂对油菜种子萌发特性的影响[J].周口师范学院学报，2017,34(2):106-109.WANG J S,ZHAO J H,ZHANG J H.Effects of seed soaking medicament on germination characteristics of rape seed[J].Journal of Zhoukou Normal University,2017,34(2):106-109.
[18] 张宝泽.田菁和碱苋菜耐盐性能的研究[J].山东师范大学学报(自然科学版),1997(3):69-71.ZHANG B Z.The study on tolerant properties of Sesbenia cannabina and Amaranthus sp.[J].Journal of Shandong Normal University(Natural Science),1997(3):69-71.
[19] 王东丽.黄土丘陵沟壑区植物种子生活史策略及种子补播恢复研究[D].咸阳：西北农林科技大学，2014.WANG D L.Seed life-history strategies of plants and restoration by seed addition in the hill-gully Loess Plateau Region[D].Xianyang:Northwest A&F University,2014.
[20] 张鹏，孙旭东，刘洋.几种预处理措施对胡枝子种子萌发的影响[J].种子，2014,33(1):1-4.ZHANG P,SUN X D,LIU Y.Effects of pretreatment methods on germination performance of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.seed[J].Seed,2014,33(1):1-4.
[21] DAHAL P,BRADFORD K.Effects of priming and endosperm integrity on seed germination rates of tomato genotypes:II.germination at reduced water potential[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1990,41(11):1441-1453.
[22] 杨期和，尹小娟，叶万辉.硬实种子休眠的机制和解除方法[J].植物学通报，2006(1):108-118.YANG Q H,YIN X J,YE W H.Dormancy mechanism and breaking methods for hard seeds[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2006(1):108-118.
[23] 李成明，张如莲，高玲，等.田菁种子发芽条件研究[J].热带农业科学，2012,32(12):16-18.LI C M,ZHANG R L,GAO L,et al.Germination conditions on Sesbania cannabina seeds[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2012,32(12):16-18.
[24] 王宁，董莹莹，袁美丽，等.温水浸种对杜仲种子萌发过程中保护酶活性及内源激素含量变化的影响[J].植物研究，2020,40(4):523-529.WANG N,DONG Y Y,YUAN M L,et al.Effect of warm water soaking on protective enzyme activity and endogenous hormones content of Eucommia ulmoides seed during different stages of germination[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2020,40(4):523-529.
[25] 周泽妍，宗树斌，谭海霞，等.不同浸种及催芽处理对明日叶种子萌发的影响[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),2024,60(1):168-180.ZHOU Z Y,ZONG S B,TAN H X,et al.Effects of different soaking and germination accelerating treatments on seed germination of Angelica keiskei[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science),2024,60(1):168-180.
[26] 王亦菲，杜志钊，马运涛，等.NaCl预处理对糯玉米发芽期耐盐性的影响[J].上海农业学报，2020,36(3):20-24.WANG Y F,DU Z Z,MA Y T,et al.Effects of seed pretreatments with different NaCl concentrations on salt tolerance in two waxy maize varieties under different salt stresses at germination stage[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai,2020,36(3):20-24.
[27] SADDIQ M S,IQBAL S,AFZAL I,et al.Mitigation of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings through physiological seed enhancements[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2019,42(10):1192-1204.
[28] BOUZIDI A,KROUMA A,CHAIEB M.Chemical seed priming alleviates salinity stress and improves Sulla carnosa germination in the saline depression of Tunisia[J].Plant Direct,2021,5(11):e357.
[29] 鱼小军，师尚礼，龙瑞军，等.生态条件对种子萌发影响研究进展[J].草业科学，2006(10):44-49.YU X J,SHI S L,LONG R J,et al.Research progress on effects of ecological factors on seed germination[J].Pratacultural science,2006(10):44-49.
[30] 姜生秀，张裕年，段晓峰，等.不同土壤结皮中水分和温度对梭梭种子萌发的影响[J].西北农业学报，2025,34(1):161-168.JIANG S X,ZHANG Y N,DUAN X F,et al.Effects of moisture and temperature in different soil crusts on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2025,34(1):161-168.
[31] 柳旭，刘娟，刘倩，等.种子预处理的作用机制研究进展[J].应用生态学报，2016,27(11):3727-3738.LIU X,LIU J,LIU Q,et al.Advances in research on mechanisms of seed pre-treatments[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(11):3727-3738.
[32] CAO D,ZHANG Y,ZHANG Y T,et al.Influence of seed priming and nitrogen application on the growth and development of maize seedlings in saline conditions[J].Pakistan Journal of Botany,2018,50(1):1-8.
[33] TIAN Y,GUAN B,ZHOU D W,et al.Responses of seed germination,seedling growth,and seed yield traits to seed pretreatment in maize (Zea mays L.)[J/OL].The Scientific World Journal,2014:1-8[2024-11-12].https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/834630.
[34] 罗小燕，李欣勇，孙英男，等.不同处理对山蚂蝗种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].热带农业科学，2017,37(11):16-21.LUO X Y,LI X Y,SUN Y N,et al.Effects of different treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of Desmodium Desv.[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2017,37(11):16-21.
[35] 史超逸，房闵，图雅，等.不同预处理方式对苦豆子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].草原与草坪，2023,43(3):146-155.SHI C Y,FANG M,TU Y,et al.Effects of different pretreatment on seed germination and seedling growth of Sophora alopecuroides[J].Grassland and Turf,2023,43(3):146-155.
[36] 张群珧，张倩，陈平，等.不同处理对望江南种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].仲恺农业工程学院学报，2018,31(4):15-19.ZHANG Q Y,ZHANG Q,CHEN P,et al.Effects of different treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of Cassia occidentalis[J].Journal of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,2018,31(4):15-19.
[37] 陈瑶瑶，严良文，刘智成，等.低温胁迫下外源NO对黄秋葵幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].西北农业学报，2022,31(11):1462-1469.CHEN Y Y,YAN L W,LIU Z C,et al.Effect of exogenous NO on growth and physiological characteristics of okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedlings under low temperature stress[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2022,31(11):1462-1469.
基本信息:
DOI：10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.002
中图分类号:S551.5
引用信息:
[1]黄飞龙,胡蓉,孙浩然,等.耐盐植物田菁种子萌发对不同预处理的响应研究[J].鲁东大学学报(自然科学版),2026,42(01):10-19.DOI:10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.002.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(42471111); 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023MD076); 鲁东大学研究生创新项目(810201)