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植物生态化学计量是研究植物养分利用、适应机制及生境特征的重要手段，明确入侵植物与本土植物生态化学计量特征的差异对于深入理解外来植物入侵机制具有重要意义。选取黄河三角洲滨海湿地入侵植物互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)与本土竞争植物盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)为研究对象，分析了三种草本植物地上器官的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量、元素计量比及其与土壤中各指标的关系，得到如下结果。1)互花米草、盐地碱蓬和芦苇各器官C、N、P含量存在差异。互花米草的叶片C含量为(407.50±5.46)g·kg-1,与芦苇的叶片C含量间无差异，但显著高于盐地碱蓬；互花米草的茎N含量比芦苇和盐地碱蓬分别高53.6%、22.6%;除盐地碱蓬的P含量外，互花米草和芦苇的P含量均表现为叶片高于茎。2)三种植物叶片的C、N、P化学计量比没有显著差异，说明黄河三角洲湿地草本植物生态化学计量特征具有相对稳定性。3)植物叶片的C、N、P含量与土壤全氮、全磷、铵态氮和硝态氮呈显著负相关，这可能与黄河三角洲地区土壤养分含量较低，植物与土壤微生物产生养分竞争有关。该研究可为深入探究黄河三角洲地区互花米草的入侵机制及其防控措施提供理论依据。
Abstract：Plant ecological stoichiometry is a crucial method for studying plant nutrient utilization, adaptation mechanisms, and the habitat characteristics.The study of differences in ecological stoichiometric characteristics between invasive and native plants is meaningful for understanding the mechanisms of alien plant invasions.The research objects in this study were an invasive plant(Spartina alterniflora) and two native plants(Suaeda salsa and Phragmites australis) in the coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta.We analyzed carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P) contents, stoichiometric ratios in the aerial organs of three herbaceous plant species, and their relationships with soil properties.The results are shown as follows.1) The C,N,and P contents vary significantly among different organs of Spartina alterniflora,Suaeda salsa,and Phragmites australis.The C content in the leaves of Spartina alterniflora is(407.50±5.46) g·kg-1,showing no significant difference from that in the leaves of Phragmites australis,but it is significantly higher than that in Suaeda salsa.The stem N content of Spartina alterniflora is 53.6% higher than that of Phragmites australis and 22.6% higher than Suaeda salsa.Except for the P content in Suaeda salsa,the P contents of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis both show the pattern that the content in leaves is higher than that in stems.2) There are no significant differences in the ecological stoichiometric ratios among three species, indicating a relative stability in the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous plants in the Yellow River Delta wetlands.3) The significant negative correlations between leaf C,N,and P contents and soil N,P,ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen may be attributed to nutrient competition between plants and soil microbes in the Yellow River Delta region, where soil nutrient availability is generally limited.This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the invasion mechanisms of Spartina alterniflora and developing control measures in the Yellow River Delta region.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.001
中图分类号:X171.1;Q948
引用信息:
[1]王璐雯,刘辉,宋冰.黄河三角洲湿地互花米草与本土草本植物碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征比较[J].鲁东大学学报(自然科学版),2026,42(01):1-9.DOI:10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(32271678); 烟台市科技创新发展计划(2023JCYJ095)