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热脉冲液流测量法是树干液流监测的常用技术，在植物生理生态及水文研究中应用广泛。但在野外操作中，因树干组织异质性和环境应力，热脉冲探针难以精准插入并维持初始位置，探针间距随机变化影响测量准确性。实时原位间距校正方法可实现探针间距的实时原位校正。以苹果树为对象，每个探针设3个测量深度，用温度比热脉冲方法(temperature ratio heat pulse, TRHP)计算校正前后的全区间液流速率(Vh),评估探针间距变化对液流测定的误差影响及校正方法的长期应用效果。结果显示：苹果树探针间距均有变化，最大达2.54 mm;校正前后Vh差异最大是7.38 cm·h-1,夜间液流明显偏离零流速，且随深度增加，间距变化无规律；随树生长，上下游探针间距变化最高分别为1.45和2.08 mm,每月校正可改善该问题。该方法能够原位标定探针间距，减少测量误差，支持长期监测，适用于所有具备上下游探针的多针热脉冲液流传感器，为精准测量树干液流速率提供了技术支持。
Abstract：The thermal pulse sap flow measurement method, a common technique for monitoring trunk sap flow, is widely used in plant physiological ecology and hydrological research.However, in field operations, due to the heterogeneity of trunk tissues and environmental stress, thermal pulse probes are difficult to insert precisely and maintain their initial positions, leading to random changes in probe spacing that affect measurement accuracy.The real-time in-situ spacing correction method can achieve real-time in-situ correction of probe spacing.In this study, apple trees were used as the research object, with three measurement depths set for each probe.The temperature ratio heat pulse(TRHP) method was used to calculate the full-range sap flow velocity(Vh) before and after correction, evaluating the error impact of probe spacing changes on sap flow measurement and the long-term application effect of the correction method.The results showed that the probe spacing of apple trees all changed to varying degrees, with the maximum change reaching 2.54 mm; the difference in Vh before and after correction reached up to 7.38 cm·h-1,the nocturnal sap flow significantly deviated from zero velocity, and there was no obvious pattern in the degree of spacing change with increasing depth; with tree growth, the changes in upstream and downstream probe spacing reached up to 1.45 and 2.08 mm respectively, which could be improved by monthly correction.This method can calibrate probe spacing in-situ, reduce measurement errors, support long-term monitoring, and is applicable to all multi-needle thermal pulse sap flow sensors with upstream and downstream probes, providing technical support for accurate measurement of trunk sap flow velocity.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.005
中图分类号:S661.1
引用信息:
[1]刘晓雪,任瑞琪,司炳成.热脉冲液流测量实时原位间距校正方法的应用研究——以苹果树为例[J].鲁东大学学报(自然科学版),2026,42(01):38-47.DOI:10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.005.
基金信息:
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024QD011); 山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”团队(2024KJI020); 鲁东大学研究生创新项目(IPGS2024-076)