鲁东大学学报(自然科学版)

城市化的快速发展导致森林、草地等生态空间遭受挤压，生境破碎化加剧，通过构建合理的生态安全格局可以缓解快速城市化进程中土地利用与生态发展之间的显著矛盾。本研究以烟台市福山区为例，基于形态学空间格局分析(morphological spatial pattern analysis, MSPA)和景观连通性计算方法识别生态源地，选取MSPA景观要素、土地利用类型、高程、坡度、距河流距离等作为阻力因子构建生态阻力面，通过电路理论识别生态廊道、生态“夹点”和生态“障碍点”,综合构建与城市发展相协调的生态安全格局。主要结果如下：(1)共识别出13个生态源地，面积为79.56 km²,占研究区总面积的11.28%,其中主要生态源地是11个，面积为76.68 km²,次要生态源地是2个，面积为2.88 km²;(2)共提取出生态廊道18条，长度为83.06 km,其中主要生态廊道是4条，长度为46.27 km,次要生态廊道是14条，长度为36.79 km;(3)共筛选出83处生态节点，其中生态“夹点”是52处，生态“障碍点”是31处。结合源地、廊道与节点的分布情况，构建了“一核、一带、三区、多廊、多源、多点”的生态安全格局，为区域生态修复和国土开发工作提供科学依据。

The rapid urbanization has led to the encroachment of ecological spaces such as forests and grasslands, which exacerbates the habitat fragmentation.By establishing a rational ecological security pattern, the significant conflict between land use and ecological development can be alleviated during the rapid urbanization process.Taking Fushan District in Yantai City as a case study, ecological source areas were identified based on morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA) and landscape connectivity methods.MSPA landscape elements, land use types, elevation, slope, and distance to rivers were selected as resistance factors to construct the ecological resistance surface.Ecological corridors, ecological “pinch points”, and ecological “barrier points” were identified by using circuit theory, and an ecological security pattern coordinated with urban development was constructed.The main results are as follows.1) A total of 13 ecological source areas are identified, which covers an area of 79.56 km² and accounts for 11.28% of the total study area.Among these, 11 primary ecological source areas with an area of 76.68 km²,and 2 secondary ecological source areas covering 2.88 km²,are identified.2) 18 ecological corridors with a total length of 83.06 km are extracted, which includes 4 primary ecological corridors with 46.27 km in length and 14 secondary ecological corridors with 36.79 km in length.3) A total of 83 ecological nodes are selected, which are composed of 52 ecological “pinch points” and 31 ecological “barrier points”.Based on the distributions of source areas, corridors, and nodes, an ecological security pattern of “one core, one belt, three zones, multiple corridors, multiple sources, and multiple points” is constructed to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and land development.