鲁东大学学报(自然科学版)

2026, 01, v.42 48-57

石榴中天然小分子化合物安石榴苷及其肠道代谢物防治帕金森病的研究进展

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2021QC044)

邮箱(Email): mse_fuyr@ujn.edu.cn;

DOI: 10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.006

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摘要：

帕金森病是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，严重影响患者生活质量，其主要病理学特征是黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失和路易小体的形成。帕金森病的致病原因尚不明确，其中α-突触核蛋白错误折叠、神经炎症、氧化应激等增加帕金森发病的机率，在神经退行性疾病中发挥着至关重要的作用。目前主要的治疗药物如左旋多巴及多巴胺受体激动剂等只能缓解患者症状，尚未发现有效的预防或治疗方法。天然小分子化合物因其生物相容性好、易于合成与修饰、穿透性强以及多靶点作用等优势在帕金森病治疗中备受关注，具有较好的应用和开发前景。石榴富含多种生物活性成分，其中鞣花单宁类化合物安石榴苷及其水解代谢产物如鞣花酸具有抗氧化、抗炎和神经保护作用，能够通过多靶点机制在帕金森病及其他神经退行性疾病的防治中发挥重要作用，特别是其肠道代谢产物尿石素类化合物(如尿石素A)能够穿过血脑屏障，显示出在帕金森病防治中更广阔的研究和应用前景。基于此，综述了石榴中安石榴苷及其肠道代谢物在帕金森病防治中的研究现状，为帕金森病的潜在治疗提供新的思路和方向。

关键词： 帕金森病; 石榴; 天然产物; 安石榴苷;

Abstract：

Parkinson's disease, a common neurodegenerative disorder, significantly impairs the quality of patients' lives.The main pathological features of Parkinson's disease(PD) are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of Lewy bodies.The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains elusive.Alpha-synuclein misfolding and aggregation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress cooperate to increase the incidence of Parkinson's disease.Currently, the main therapeutic drugs such as levodopa and dopamine receptor activators can only alleviate the symptoms of PD patients.While no effective methods have been found to efficiently prevent the development of the disease, natural small-molecule compounds have attracted much attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, easy synthesis and modification, penetration of blood-brain barrier and multi-target effects.Pomegranate is rich in various bioactive components.Notably, punicalagin and ellagic acid exhibit excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.They play an important role in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases through multiple facets.The gut microbiota-derived metabolites of punicalagin and ellagic acid, especially urolithin A can cross the blood-brain barrier and has better research and application potential in Parkinson's disease.This article reviews the current research on punicalagin in pomegranates and its gut metabolites for Parkinson's disease prevention and treatment, aiming to offer new ideas for potential Parkinson's disease treatment.

KeyWords： Parkinson's disease; pomegranate; natural products; punicalagin;

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基本信息:

DOI：10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.006

中图分类号:R742.5

引用信息:

[1]杨莹,王美佳,叶子君,等.石榴中天然小分子化合物安石榴苷及其肠道代谢物防治帕金森病的研究进展[J].鲁东大学学报(自然科学版),2026,42(01):48-57.DOI:10.20062/j.cnki.CN37-1453/N.2026.01.006.

基金信息:

山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2021QC044)

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鲁东大学学报(自然科学版)

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